Sunday, 13 May 2018

Deification of the society

There is strength in number. Beyond the relationship between the self and the other, there exists the larger whole into which both the self and the other are immersed. Nietzsche defines life as the combination of preservation and enhancement. Thus a being that lacks enhancement is devoid of life. Therefore, for the self to assume life, it must go, not just beyond itself to the other, but even beyond the other, to the society.
Aristotle shows the different levels of the society. The family is the smallest unit of society. Different families conglomerate to form the community. There is a lot of things which the individual cannot achieve within the confines of the family, and therefore would have to go into the community in order to express himself more fully.
However, even the community is limited in many ways, and therefore must covenant with other communities to form a larger and stronger whole which is the State. For Aristotle, it is in the state that the individual can achieve full expression. This must be because the state is essentially sovereign. Thus, the individual can reach his ultimate political aspirations in the state.
Thomas Hobbes describes the state as the Leviathan - the being that commands the submission of the right of all to all. By doing so, it puts an end to the anarchic state of nature and forces man into a civil society. For Hobbes, the individual owes the state an unrelenting and irretrievable allegiance. This means that the state stands unquestionable before the individual. This is more or less a deified being.
When Socrates was sentenced to death by the state, he didn't sneak out of prison to escape that punishment because he felt that if he had accepted the state's decision to have him educated, nurtured, fed, clothed and other good-time resources of the state, why should he reject the state's decision when she deems it necessary for him to die. If such attitude is developed towards the state, then, the state has assumed a deified status.

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